1 概述
本文介绍在 Java 环境中执行 JavaScript 脚本的简单使用，具体包含以下内容
- Java 8 中的内置 Nashorn Javascript 引擎介绍
- Rhino JavaScript 引擎介绍以及对 XML 的处理介绍
2 Java 8 中的内置 Nashorn Javascript 引擎介绍
Nashorn 是 Java 8 中内置的 JavaScript 引擎，无需加入任何依赖。
Nashorn 基本使用步骤如下
- new 出 ScriptEngineManager 对象
- 通过 ScriptEngineManager 对象中的 getEngineByName 方法获取指定的 JavaScript 引擎，返回 ScriptEngine 对象
- Java 8 中的默认的 Javascript 引擎包括：[nashorn, Nashorn, js, JS, JavaScript, javascript, ECMAScript, ecmascript]
- 通过 ScriptEngine 对象的 eval 方法来执行 JavaScript 脚本。
2.1 通过 PrintWriter 对象获取脚本中的 print 输出
Javascript 脚本中没有函数，没有返回值，通过 print 输出内容，这时需要通过 PrintWriter 获取读取脚本中的 print 输出，具体如下
@Test
public void test_nashorn() {
try {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("Nashorn");
ScriptContext scriptContext = engine.getContext();
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
scriptContext.setWriter(printWriter);
String jsString = "var obj=JSON.parse('{\\\"data\\\":\\\"7155\\\",\\\"sign\\\":\\\"success\\\",\\\"message\\\":null}');print(obj.sign==\"success\");";
stringWriter = new StringWriter();
printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
scriptContext.setWriter(printWriter);
engine.eval(jsString);
System.out.println(String.format("1 result = %s",stringWriter.toString()));
jsString = "var obj=JSON.parse('{\\\"data\\\":\\\"7157\\\",\\\"sign\\\":\\\"success\\\",\\\"message\\\":null}');print((function getData() { return obj.data;})())";
stringWriter = new StringWriter();
printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
scriptContext.setWriter(printWriter);
engine.eval(jsString);
System.out.println(String.format("2 result = %s",stringWriter.toString()));
jsString = "var obj=JSON.parse('{\\\"data\\\":\\\"7157\\\",\\\"sign\\\":\\\"success\\\",\\\"message\\\":null}');print((function getData() { return obj.data;})())";
stringWriter = new StringWriter();
printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
scriptContext.setWriter(printWriter);
engine.eval(jsString);
System.out.println(String.format("3 result = %s",stringWriter.toString()));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
2.2 获取匿名函数的返回值
Javascript 脚本是一个匿名函数并且有返回值，通过 eval 函数可以直接
@Test
public void test_js_function_return() {
try {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("Nashorn");
String jsFunction = "(function(){var obj=JSON.parse('{\\\"data\\\":\\\"7155\\\",\\\"sign\\\":\\\"success\\\",\\\"message\\\":null}');return obj.sign==\"success\"})();";
Boolean result = (Boolean) engine.eval(jsFunction);
System.out.println(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
2.3 调用 Javascript 脚本中指定的函数
Javascript 脚本中有变量，有多个函数，具体如下
@Test
public void test_invoke_js_function() {
try {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("Nashorn");
/*
var obj = JSON.parse('{\"data\":\"7155\",\"sign\":\"success\",\"message\":null}');
function checkSign() {
return obj.sign == 'success'
}
function getData() {
return obj.data
}
function calculate(a, b) {
return a + b
}
*/
String jsFunction = "var obj=JSON.parse('{\\\"data\\\":\\\"7155\\\",\\\"sign\\\":\\\"success\\\",\\\"message\\\":null}');function checkSign(){return obj.sign=='success'}function getData(){return obj.data}function calculate(a,b){return a+b}";
engine.eval(jsFunction);
Invocable invocable = (Invocable) engine;
Object result = invocable.invokeFunction("checkSign", null);
System.out.println(result);
result = invocable.invokeFunction("getData", null);
System.out.println(result);
result = invocable.invokeFunction("calculate", 2, 5);
System.out.println(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
- 输出如下
true
7155
7.0
2.4 读取 Javascript 文件并执行
这种情况是读取 Javascript 文件，并执行，具体如下
- src/test/resources/test.js
@Test
public void test_invoke_js_file() {
try {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("Nashorn");
engine.eval(new FileReader(TestJSEngine.class.getResource("/test.js").getPath()));
Invocable invocable = (Invocable) engine;
Object result = invocable.invokeFunction("checkSign", null);
System.out.println(result);
result = invocable.invokeFunction("getData", null);
System.out.println(result);
result = invocable.invokeFunction("calculate", 2, 5);
System.out.println(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
文件内容和上面一样。
3 Rhino JavaScript 引擎介绍
默认的 Nashorn 引擎是无法解析 xml 的，像 DOMParser 这样的对象是浏览器内置的组件。
这里可以通过 Maven 依赖 Rhino 引擎来处理 xml。
- Rhino Maven 依赖如下
<dependency>
<groupId>cat.inspiracio</groupId>
<artifactId>rhino-js-engine</artifactId>
<version>1.7.10</version>
</dependency>
使用的步骤和其他 JavaScript 引擎一样，引擎的名称为 Rhino.
3.1 Rhino 对 xml 的解析
这里通过读取文件的方式来加载和解析 JavaScript 脚本，脚本中是对一段 xml 的解析的过程。
- src/test/resources/xml.js 文件内容如下
print("----------------------------------------");
var e = new XML('<employees> <employee id="1"><name>Joe</name><age>20</age></employee> <employee id="2"><name>Sue</name><age>30</age></employee> </employees>');
// 获取所有的员工
print("获取所有的员工:\n" + e..name);
// 名字叫 Joe 的员工
print("名字叫 Joe 的员工:\n" + e.employee.(name == "Joe"));
// 员工的id 为 1 和 2
print("员工的id 为 1 和 2:\n" + e.employee.(@id == 1 || @id == 2));
// 员工的id 为 1
print("员工的id 为 1: " + e.employee.(@id == 1).name);
print("----------------------------------------");
- 执行如下
@Test
public void test_rhino_file_js() {
try {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("rhino");
ScriptContext scriptContext = engine.getContext();
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
scriptContext.setWriter(printWriter);
engine.eval(new FileReader(TestJSEngine.class.getResource("/xml.js").getPath()));
System.out.println(String.format("xml result = %s",stringWriter.toString() ));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
- 输出如下
xml result = ----------------------------------------
All the employee names are:
<name>Joe</name>
<name>Sue</name>
The employee named Joe is:
<employee id="1">
<name>Joe</name>
<age>20</age>
</employee>
Employees with ids 1 & 2:
<employee id="1">
<name>Joe</name>
<age>20</age>
</employee>
<employee id="2">
<name>Sue</name>
<age>30</age>
</employee>
Name of the the employee with ID=1: Joe
----------------------------------------
3.2 测试
- xml 内容如下
<CCardProcessSyncResponse>
<RetCode>0</RetCode>
<Message>操作成功！</Message>
<RefundCycle />
<EpayRefundCycleMin>1</EpayRefundCycleMin>
<EpayRefundCycleMax>7</EpayRefundCycleMax>
<EpayRefundCycleUnitF />
</CCardProcessSyncResponse>
- 具体测试如下
@Test
public void test_rhino() {
try {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("rhino");
String jsString = jsString = "var obj=new XML('<CCardProcessSyncResponse> <RetCode>0</RetCode> <Message>操作成功！</Message> <RefundCycle /> <EpayRefundCycleMin>1</EpayRefundCycleMin> <EpayRefundCycleMax>7</EpayRefundCycleMax> <EpayRefundCycleUnitF /> </CCardProcessSyncResponse>');print(obj.Message == '操作成功！');";
ScriptContext scriptContext = engine.getContext();
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
scriptContext.setWriter(printWriter);
engine.eval(jsString);
System.out.println(String.format("xml result = %s",stringWriter.toString() ));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
上面的输出结果如下
xml result = true
