本文节选自《经济学人》20201024期。令人震惊的是，非法的、未上报的以及不受管制的捕鱼量占全球捕鱼量的20%-50%，这也是鱼类资源直线下降的原因之一。
Illegal fishing
Monsters of the deep
Illicit trawlers are devastating fish stocks and abusing crews.
How can they be stopped?
“Consider the subtleness of the sea,” warned Herman Melville in “Moby Dick”; “how its most dreaded creatures glide under water...treacherously hidden beneath the loveliest tints of azure.” Nearly 170 years later, another marine horror is just becoming visible. Satellite and other imagery has revealed “dark fleets” of fishing boats that turn off their transponders and plunder the ocean’s bounty. Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing accounts for a staggering 20-50% of the global catch. It is one reason fish stocks are plummeting: just a fifth of commercial species are sustainably fished. Illegal operators rob mostly poor coastal states of over $20bn a year and threaten the livelihoods of millions of small fishermen. North Korean coastal waters have been so pillaged that its fishermen have to motor their rickety craft far out into stormy seas to fill their nets. Thousands have drowned.
trawler 意思是"拖网渔船"，动词是trawl
stock 指"储备；存货"
subtleness 是subtle的名词形式，subtle 指"机智的，巧妙的"，当然它还有"微妙的"之意
dreaded 是形容词，指"令人害怕的，可怕的"，动词及名词形式是dread，其还有一个形容词形式是dreadful
treacherously 指"有潜在危险的"，形容词是treacherous
tint 指"色调"
azure 意思是"天蓝色"，既可作名词又可作形容词。
marine 指"海的"
satellite 指"人造卫星"
fleet 意思是"捕鱼船队"，它还有"舰队，车队"的意思。
transponder 指"应答机"
plunder 意思是"掠夺"
bounty 意思是名词"慷慨赠予"
staggering 意思是"令人震惊的，难以相信的"；其动词是stagger，除了"使震惊"外，常用意思还有"摇摇晃晃地走，蹒跚"
plummet 指"暴跌"，类似意思的还有slump
pillage 意思是"掠夺，劫掠"，类似于前文的plunder
rickety 指"不结实的"
craft 指"小船"
drown 意思是"淹死，溺死"
A huge amount of illicit fishing happens on licensed boats, too. They might catch more than their quota, or falsely declare their catch as abundant albacore tuna instead of the more valuable bigeye. In port fisheries inspectors are always overstretched. If an operator is caught, for instance, fishing with too fine a net, the fine and confiscation are seen as a cost of doing business. Many pay up and head straight back out to sea.
quota 意思是"配额，限额"
albacore tuna 指"长鳍金枪鱼"
bigeye 指"大眼鲷"
fine 在这里指"罚款"
confiscation 意思是"（尤指作为惩罚）没收，充公"，动词是confiscate
head 这里用作动词，意思是"朝（某方向）前进"
